Quality evaluation and multi-spectral identification of origin herbs of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos based on grey correlation-TOPSIS method / 中国中药杂志

The grey correlation-TOPSIS method was used to evaluate the quality of the origin herbs of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos, and the Fourier transform near-infrared(NIR) and mid-infrared(MIR) spectroscopy was applied to establish the identification model of origin herbs of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos by combining chemometrics and spectral fusion strategies. The content of neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, secoxyloganin, isoquercitrin, isochlorogenic acid B, isochlorogenic acid A, and isochlorogenic acid C in six origin herbs of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC), and their quality was evaluated by the grey correlation-TOPSIS method. The Fourier transform NIR and MIR spectra of six origin herbs of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos(Lonicera japonica, L. macranthoides, L. hypoglauca, L. fulvotomentosa, L. confuse, and L. similis) were collected. At the same time, principal component analysis(PCA), support vector machine(SVM), and spectral data fusion technology were combined to determine the optimal identification method for the origin herbs of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos. There were differences in the quality of the origin herbs of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos. Specifically, there were significant differences between L. japonica and the other five origin herbs(P<0.01). The quality of L. similis was significantly different from that of L. fulvotomentosa, L. macranthoides, and L. hypoglauca(P=0.008, 0.027, 0.01), and there were also significant differences in the quality of L. hypoglauca and L. confuse(P=0.001). The PCA and SVM 2D models based on a single spectrum could not be used for the effective identification of the origin herbs of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos. The data fusion combined with the SVM model further improved the identification accuracy, and the identification accuracy of the mid-level data fusion reached 100%. Therefore, the grey correlation-TOPSIS method can be used to evaluate the quality of the origin herbs of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos. Based on the infrared spectral data fusion strategy and SVM chemometric model, it can accurately identify the origin herbs of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos, which can provide a new method for the origin identification of medicinal materials of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos.

Discrimination of cultivation modes of Dendrobium nobile based on content of mineral elements and ratios of nitrogen stable isotopes / 中国中药杂志

This study explored the feasibility of mineral element content and ratios of nitrogen isotopes to discriminate the cultivation mode of Dendrobium nobile in order to provide theoretical support for the discrimination of the cultivation mode of D. nobile. The content of 11 mineral elements(N, K, Ca, P, Mg, Na, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, and B) and nitrogen isotope ratios in D. nobile and its substrate samples in three cultivation methods(greenhouse cultivation, tree-attached cultivation, and stone-attached cultivation) were determined. According to the analysis of variance, principal component analysis, and stepwise discriminant analysis, the samples of different cultivation types were classified. The results showed that the nitrogen isotope ratios and the content of elements except for Zn were significantly different among different cultivation types of D. nobile(P<0.05). The results of correlation analysis showed that the nitrogen isotope ratios, mineral element content, and effective component content in D. nobile were correlated with the nitrogen isotope ratio and mineral element content in the corresponding substrate samples to varying degrees. Principal component analysis can preliminarily classify the samples of D. nobile, but some samples overlapped. Through stepwise discriminant analysis, six indicators, including δ~(15)N, K, Cu, P, Na, and Ca, were screened out, which could be used to establish the discriminant model of D. nobile cultivation methods, and the overall correct discrimination rates after back-substitution test, cross-check, and external validation were all 100%. Therefore, nitrogen isotope ratios and mineral element fingerprints combined with multivariate statistical analysis could effectively discriminate the cultivation types of D. nobile. The results of this study provide a new method for the identification of the cultivation type and production area of D. nobile and an experimental basis for the quality evaluation and quality control of D. nobile.

Determination of arsenic in urine by hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry with ammonium persulfate digestion / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective:To establish a hydride generation atomic fluorescence method using ammonium persulfate as the digestion reagent for determination of arsenic in urine (hereinafter referred to as this method).Methods:The collected urine samples with ammonium persulfate were heated and digested on the tubular electric heating automatic control constant temperature digester (60 holes), with 5% hydrochloric acid solution as reaction medium and current carrier and 1.5% potassium borohydride solution as reducing agent. Arsenic content was determined with a four-channel atomic fluorescence spectrometer. The arsenic standard solution of 0 - 10 μg/L was prepared to determine the standard curve of this method, and the method was evaluated from the detection limit, linear range, correlation coefficient, precision, standard addition recovery experiment, and urine arsenic quality control sample detection. The standard method "Determination of Arsenic in Urine by Hydride Generation Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry" (WS/T 474-2015, referred to as the standard method) was used for comparison experiments.Results:When the sampling volume was 1 ml, the detection limit of this method (digest with 1 ml 1.5 mol/L ammonium persulfate) was 0.03 μg/L. In the range of arsenic content from 0 - 10 μg/L, the linear relationship between arsenic content and fluorescence intensity was good, and the correlation coefficients ( r) were all 0.999 9. The relative standard deviations( RSD) of the three replicates of urine samples with different concentrations were 1.00%, 0.89% and 0.49%, respectively. Urine arsenic quality control samples were tested, and the test results were all within the range of public values; the overall average recovery was 102.29%, and the recovery range was 92.10% - 108.15%. Compared with the standard method in the determination results of 20 urine samples, the difference was not statistically significant ( t = - 0.40, P > 0.05). Conclusions:The hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry using ammonium persulfate as digestion reagent for the determination of arsenic in urine has the advantages of low detection limit, good precision, high accuracy, small amount of sampling and digestion reagent, simple operation, and less harmful gas generation in sample pretreatment. It is suitable for rapid determination of arsenic in urine in large quantities.

Research Progress of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Their Exosomes on Tumors / 中国肺癌杂志

In China, malignant tumor is the main cause of death in both urban and rural areas. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have multidirectional differentiation potential, self-renewal ability and good immunomodulatory properties. Exosomes, as important paracrine substances of MSCs, mediate information exchange and transmission between cells in tumor microenvironment and influence the occurrence and development of tumors. Recently, conflicting findings have been reported on the effects of MSCs and their exosomes on tumors. On the one hand, MSCs and their exosomes are tumorigenic and can target specific sites to inhibit tumor growth; On the other hand, there is also evidence that MSCs could affect tumor growth and migration as part of the tumor microenvironment. In this paper, we will review the relationship between MSCs and exosomes and tumorgenesis and development, as well as how MSCs and exosomes play different roles in tumorgenesis and development, in order to provide beneficial help for tumor diagnosis, prognosis and precise treatment.
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Analysis of endoscopic and pathological features of gastric adenomatous polyps and risk factors for canceration / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the endoscopic and pathological characteristics of gastric adenomatous polyps and to assess the potential risk factors for canceration of gastric adenomatous polyps.@*METHODS@#The endoscopic and pathological characteristics of the patients with gastric adenomatous polyps from January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2019 were summarized retrospectively, and the risk factors of canceration were analyzed.@*RESULTS@#A total of 125 patients with gastric adenomatous polyps were included, 51.20% of whom were females. The average age was (66.7±12.3) years. 64.80% of patients with gastric adenomatous polyps equal or more than 65 years old, and only 5.60% of the patients less than 45 years old. Adenomatous polyps were mostly distributed in the corpus and antrum with 40.80% and 32.80%, respectively. The majority of them were single (90.40%) and sessile (76.81%). 65.4% of adenomatous polyps were no more than 1.0 cm in diameter, and 23.20% of patients with adenomatous polyps were combined with hyperplastic polyps and/or fundus glandular polyps, and 1.60% had both pathological types of polyps. 58.62% (17/29) patients with hyperplastic polyps and/or fundus glandular polyps had multiple polyps. 1.60% (2/125) of the patients had gastric neuroendocrine tumor of G1 stage. Synchronous gastric cancer was detected in 13.60% (17/125) of the patients with adenomatous polyps, and the proportion of low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia was 18.40% (23/125). The main types of synchronous gastric cancer were progressive (70.59%) and undifferentiated (66.67%). Chronic atrophic gastritis with intestinal metaplasia was found in 52.80% of the patients, and autoimmune gastritis accounted for 11.20%. The positive rate of Helicobacter pylori was 21.60%. The canceration rate of gastric adenomatous polyps was 20.80%. The cancer was mainly differentiated, but there was sigmoid ring cell carcinoma as well. Diameter of >1.0 cm (OR=5.092, 95%CI: 1.447-17.923, P=0.011), uneven surface morphology and erosion (OR=13.749, 95%CI: 1.072-176.339, P=0.044) were independent risk factors of adenomatous polyps.@*CONCLUSION@#The synchronous gastric cancer is common and the canceration of gastric adenomatous polyps is high with diameter and surface morphology as independent risk factors. We should pay attention to the identification of the pathological types of polyps and the evaluation of the whole gastric mucosa during the endoscopic examination.

Effect of drying processing methods on different specifications of Sophorae Flos based on comprehensive statistical analysis / 中国中药杂志

To investigate the effects of six common drying methods on the quality of different specifications of Sophorae Flos, in order to select their suitable drying methods. According to appearance and morphology, Sophorae Flos was divided into the following three specifications: flower bud type(HL), half-open type(BK) and blooming type(SK). All specifications of samples were treated with shade-drying method(25 ℃, natural temperature), sun-drying method, hot-air-drying method(60, 105 ℃), and drying method(60 ℃) after steaming. The contents of total flavonoids, rutin, narcissus, quercetin, isorhamnetin, and Fe~(3+) reducing ability, DPPH free radical scavenging ability, ABTS free radical scavenging ability and fluorescence recovery after photobleaching(FRAP) were detected by UV, HPLC and colorimetry, respectively. Principal component analysis(PCA), cluster analysis(CA) and correlation analysis were used to comprehensively evaluate the quality of samples. According to the results, there were significant differences in the effect of drying methods on different specifications of samples. The drying method(60 ℃) after steaming was suitable for HL and BK, while the hot-air-drying method(60 ℃) was suitable for SK. When the fresh medicinal materials could not be treated in time, they should be spread out in a cool and ventilated place. Under high and low temperature conditions, the quality of three specifications of Sophorae Flos would be reduced. The hot-air-drying method(105 ℃) and shade-drying method(25 ℃) were not suitable for the treatment of fresh flowers and flower buds of Sophora japonicus. There were obviously differences of chemical compositions and antioxidant activities among the three specifications of samples. Therefore, the specifications of medicinal materials should be controlled to ensure the uniform quality. The study provided the abundant data reference for the selection of appropriate drying methods for the three specifications of Sophorae Flos, and useful exploration for the classification and processing of medicinal materials of flowers.

Establishment and evaluation of a stress depression model induced by light and dampness on mice / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective@#To establish a novel stress-induced depression model by changing the lighting conditions and continuously damping cushion (L-D).@*Methods@#The L-D stress depression animal model was established in C57BL / 6 mice with body weight of 18-22 g. Seventy-five mice with the horizontal and vertical scores higher than 30 and less than 120 in open field test were employed.In the research of model construction, mice were randomly divided into three groups: control group (n=9), chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS) model group (n=10) and L-D model group (n=9). In the drug intervention experiments, mice were randomly divided into five groups: control group (n=9), chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS) model group (n=10), L-D model group (n=9), CUMS+ fluoxetine group (n=10) and L-D model+ fluoxetine group (n=9). Open field test, forced swimming test and sucrose preference test were used to evaluate the degree of depression in animals.@*Results@#(1) In the open field test, the horizontal score of CUMS model group (67.20±5.81) and the L-D model group (52.56±19.05) were significantly lower than that of the control group (76.44±9.22) (t=2.645, t=3.387, both P<0.05). And horizontal score of the L-D model was significantly lower than that of the CUMS model (t=2.321, both P<0.05). In forced swimming experiment, compared with the control group ((39.67±21.12)s), the immobility time of the CUMS model group ((60.90±10.34)s) and the L-D model group ((74.89±16.10)s) were significantly prolonged (t=2.831, 3.979, both P<0.05). The immobility time of the L-D model group was also significantly higher than that of the CUMS model group (t=2.278, P<0.05). In the sucrose preference experiment, the percentage of sucrose preference in CUMS model group ((72±7)%) and L-D model group ((65±5)%) was lower than that in the control group ((81±12)%) (t=2.195, 3.875, both P<0.05). The percentage of sucrose preference of L-D model group was significantly higher than that of CUMS model group (t=2.286, P<0.05). (2) After intervention with antidepressants, the horizontal scores of the CUMS model group (65.60±6.43) and the L-D model group (54.33±14.67) were significantly lower than that of the control group (75.78±8.27) in open field test (t=3.011, t=3.861, both P<0.05), and the score of L-D group was lower than that of CUMS group(t=2.235, P<0.05). The vertical score of the L-D model group (33.44±4.54) was significantly lower than that of the control group (39.22±5.56) (t=2.553, P<0.05). There was significant increase in the level score and vertical score of CUMS model and L-D model after fluoxetine intervention (t=3.090, t=2.692, both P<0.05), and significant twist in the vertical score of CUMS model and L-D model (t=2.681, t=2.354; both P<0.05). In the forced swimming experiment, the immobility time of the L-D model((64.11±13.06)s) was significantly longer than that of the control group ((42.00±13.77)s) (t=3.494, P<0.05). The immobility time of CUMS model and L-D model mice was significantly longer than that of non-intervention group (t=2.137, 2.940, both P<0.05). After the intervention of fluoxetine, there was no significant difference between the CUMS group, L-D group, the control group(all P>0.05).@*Conclusion@#Changing the lighting conditions and continuously damping cushion is a new method to establish mice model with depression behavior.Shorter modeling duration and simple operation are the main advantages of this model.

Significance of Detecting Serum Complement C3 and C4 in Patients with Multiple Myeloma / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the significance of detecting serum complement C3 and C4 in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and to explore its correlation with myeloma bone disease (MBD).@*METHODS@#The levels of serum complement C3 and C4 in 69 MM patients and 30 healthy people were examined by scatter nephelometry. The bone density of L1-4 vertebral body, bilateral femoral neck and bilateral hip joints were measured by dual energy bone density meter (DXA).@*RESULTS@#The levels of serum complement C3 and C4 in MM patients significantly increased in comparison with that in healthy people (P＜0.01). The patients in advanced clinical stage exhibited a higher levels of C3 and C4 than those in stable stage (P＜0.01). In addition, the patients with grade C of MBD had a higher levels of serum complement C3 and C4 than those in patients with grade A and B of MBD (P＜0.01). The levels of serum complement C3 and C4 in MM patients negatively correlated with bone density in L1-4 vertebral body, bilateral femoral necks and hip joints. The correlation coefficients were r=-0.938, r=-0.659, r=-0.745, r=-0.748, r=-0.596 in complement C3 and r=-0.908, r=-0.623, r=-0.710, r=-0.714, r=-0.595 in complement C4, respectively.@*CONCLUSION@#The levels of complement C3 and C4 positively correlate with the severity of bone disease and bone density in MM patients, which suggests that complement C3 and C4 plays important roles in the development of MBD. The levels of serum C3 and C4 may be the sensitive biomarkers of MBD.

Cancer pain, a serious threat to patientsmemory / 生理学报

A large number of cancer patients suffer from pain. Growing evidence suggested that pain might be a serious risk factor for cancer patients. The shared modulators and modulation pathways between neural system and tumor cells, such as various neurotransmitters and neurogenic cytokines, provide essential basis for the effect of pain on tumor. In this article, we reviewed some possible mechanism of this process from two aspects: the systematic regulation of central nervous system on endocrine and immunity, and the regional regulation of peripheral nerves on tumor cells. The aim of this review is to provide more innovative knowledge about pain and cancer and to emphasize the importance of anti-pain in the therapy of cancer.

Characteristics analysis of early gastric cancer under white light endoscopy / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate endoscopic features of early gastric cancer and clinical features of the patients, which may be helpful to provide reasonable suggestions for physicians to diagnose early gastric cancer during preliminary screening of white light gastroscopy.@*METHODS@#A total of 271 patients who received endoscopic submucosal dissection or surgical operation to confirm early gastric cancer in Peking University Third Hospital from Apr. 2009 to Jun. 2017 were included for the retrospective review. Clinical information was collected, including gender, age, symptoms, family history and physical examination. The endoscopic characteristics of lesions under white light endoscopy were analyzed, including endoscopic long diameter, location, texture, spontaneous bleeding, mucosal color and morphology. The pathologic long diameter, infiltration depth and differentiation degree of early gastric cancer were also summarized.@*RESULTS@#The study included 271 patients and 279 lesions. Among the 271 cases, 190 were male, 81 were female, average age was (63.7±12.4) years. There were 88 cases (32.5%) and 61 cases (22.5%) with the symptom of abdominal pain and discomfort respectively. The patients with family history of gastric cancer were 20 (7.4%). Abdominal physical examinations of the patients were mostly normal, accounting for 86.0% (233/271). Total detection rate of helicobacter pylori (HP) was 34.2% (79/231), with the highest rate 45.5% (10/22) in 2011 and the lowest rate 28.1% (9/32) in 2014. Among the 279 lesions, the mean endoscopic long diameter was (2.01±1.20) cm. The lesions were mainly single, accounting for 97.0% (263/271). There were 114 cases (40.9%), 62 cases (22.2%), 54 cases (19.4%) in the antrum, angular sulcus and cardia of stomach respectively. The lesions were mostly fragile, accounting for 45.5% (56/123). Most lesions had spontaneous bleeding, accounting for 52.3% (146/279). The mucosal color was mostly normal, accounting for 72.8% (203/279). The most common macroscopic morphology was IIa+IIc type (100 cases, 35.8%) and the lesions usually had mucous membrane damage like erosion and shallow ulcer (127 cases,45.5%). Among the 279 lesions, the mean pathologic long diameter was (2.05±1.48) cm. Intramucosal carcinoma accounted for 61.6% (172/279) and moderate differentiated gastric cancers accounted for 52.8% (131/248).@*CONCLUSION@#In order to improve diagnosis of early gastric cancer,superficial elevation and depression of flat lesions as well as mucous membrane damage under white light endoscopy should be taken notice.

Study on Quality Standard for the Leaves of Nauclea officinalis / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To establish the quality standard for the leaves of Nauclea officinalis. METHODS:Microscopic identi-fication and TLC methods were used for qualitative identification of N. officinalis. The moisture and ash of medicinal materials were determined. HPLC method was adopted to determine the content of strictosamide in medicinal materials. The determination was per-formed on Lichrospher C18 column with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid solution(gradient elution)at the flow rate of 1 mL/min,injection volume was 10 μL. The detection wavelength was set at 226 nm,and the column temperature was 30 ℃. RESULTS:Microscopic identification of the leaves of N. officinalis had strong characteristics,and TLC sports were clear and well-separated without interference from negative control. The linear range of strictosamide were 0.0105-0.21 mg/mL(r=0.9995);RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were all lower than 2.0%. Average recoveries were 96.25-101.82%(RSD=1.86%,n=9). Total ash of medicinal materials was 5.27%-6.44%,acid insoluble ash was 0.23%-0.36%,water content was 9.48%-11.46%,strictosamide was 0.124%-1.003%. CONCLUSIONS:Established standard can be used for quality evaluation of N. officinalis.

Megastigmane glucosides isolated from Dichrocephala benthamii / 中国天然药物

The present study was designed to investigate the chemical constituents of the whole herb of Dichrocephala benthamii. A new megastigmane glucoside (compound 1), together with its four known analogues (compounds 2-5), was obtained. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analyses (UV, IR, MS, and 1D and 2D NMR). The absolute configuration of compound 1 was assigned on the basis of CD method and chemical evidence. In addition, their cytotoxicity against human hepatoma cells (HepG-2) was evaluated by the MTT method. Compound 5 showed weak activity against HepG-2, while the other compounds did not show remarkable inhibitory effects.

Simultaneous determination of eleven components in Ginkgo biloba leaves by high performance liquid chromatography method / 中国中药杂志

To study Ginkgo biloba leaves in different producing area, we establish an HPLC method for the simultaneously determination of seven flavonoids glycosides and four biflavonoids in G. biloba leaves. The analysis was performed on an Agilent ZORBAX SB-C₁₈ column(4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm) wich acetonitrile, and 0.4% phosphoric acid as mobile phase at flow rate of 1 mL•min⁻¹ in a gradient edution, and the detection was carried out at 254 nm.The calibration curves of the seven flavonoids glycosides and four biflavonoids had a good linearitiy with good recoveries. The established HPLC method is simple, rapid, accurate, reliable, and sensitive, and can be applied to the identification and quality control of G. biloba leaves.

Diterpene ginkgolides meglumine injection inhibits oxidative stress induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation by activating Akt/Nrf2 pathway in SH-SY5Y cells / 中国药理学与毒理学杂志

OBJECTIVE To investigate the protective effects and mechanism of diterpene ginkgolides meglumine injection (DGMI) against oxidative stress induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) in SH-SY5Y cells. METHODS SH-SY5Y cells were divided into five groups: normal control, model control (OGD group) and drug(25 mg · L- 1) administration groups including DGMI group, extract of ginkgo biloba leaves injection group (EGBLI) and lactones ginkgo biloba injection group (LGBI). The cells suffered from oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) for 4 h, followed by reoxygenation with drugs for 6 h. Then, cell viabilities were detect using CCK-8 assays, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels using fluorescence probe DCFH-DA and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities using WST-1 test. Western blotting was used to detected protein levels of hemeoxygenase-1(HO-1), NAD(P)H, quinone oxidore?ductase l (Nqo1), protein kinase B (Akt), phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt), nuclear factor-E2-related factor2 (Nrf2) and phosphorylated Nrf2 (p-Nrf2). The cells were induced by OGD for 4 h, followed by reoxygen?ation and DGMI for 1 h, combined with different concentrations of PI3K inhibitor (LY294002) (at the final concentration of 12.5, 25 and 50 μmol · L-1) before the protein levels of AKT, p-AKT, Nrf2 and p-Nrf2 were detected by Western blotting. RESULTS SH-SY5Y cells induced by OGD for 4 h resulted in an increase in ROS(P<0.01), but a decrease in cell viabilities(P<0.01), SOD activities(P<0.01), and antioxidant protein levels ( Akt, p-Akt, Nrf2, p-Nrf2, HO-1 and Nqo1) (P<0.01). Compared with OGD group, treatment with reoxygenation and drugs (DGMI,EGBLI and LGBI respectively) for 6 h resulted in a decrease in ROS (P<0.01), but an increase in cell viabilities, SOD activities and antioxidant protein levels of p-Nrf2, HO-1, Nqo1 and p-Akt(P<0.05,P<0.01). DGMI group showed the best efficiently. Moreover, after OGD for 4 h, compared with DGMI group, combining reoxygenation and DGMI with LY294002 for 1 h resulted in a concentration-dependent inhibition of the protein levels of p-AKT and p-Nrf2(P<0.01). CONCLUSION DGMI 25 mg · L-1 can inhibit oxidative stress in SH-SY5Y cells induced by OGD by increasing the activity and expression of Nrf2 through PI3K/Akt pathway, which may be one of the mechanisms by which DGMI protects neurons from stroke.

Research on the Inhibition of Breast Cancer Bone Metastasis Induced Rat Pain-related Behaviors by Intrathecally Injection of GSK690693, an Akt Specific Inhibitor / 现代生物医学进展

Objective:To investigate the role of Akt signaling pathway in the regulation of breast cancer bone metastasis induced pain behavior in rat.Methods:Model rats were randomly divided into three groups:Model group,Model+GSK690693 group and Model+ Saline group.On PID 13,14 and 21,Model+GSK690693 group rats were intrathecally injected with GSK690693,a specific inhibitor of Akt.Model+Saline group were injected with saline instead.The pain related behaviors were respectively recorded on PID 0,7,14 and 21.The expression ofp-Akt in DRG used for western bloting were examed on PID 21.Results:After the injection of Akt specific inhibitor GSK690693 by intrathecal,In the Model+GSK690693 group,the threshold value of mechanical contraction reflex was increased,the spontaneous pain behavior and the expression of p-Akt in DRG decreased.On PID 14 d and 21 d,the pain behavior of rats in Model+GSK690693 group was significantly different from that of Model+Saline group and Model group (P＜0.01);On PID 21 d,There was significant statistical significance (P＜0.01) on the expression of p-Akt and Model in the ipsilateral Model+GSK690693 of DRG group,which was statistically significant (P＜0.05) compared with the Model+Saline group.Conclusion:Intrathecal injection of Akt specific inhibitor GSK690693 inhibits rat pain related behaviors induced by bone metastasis in rat breast cancer.

Embedding sutures of single inner- and outer-prepuce flap for the treatment of concealed penis: A report of 37 cases / 中华男科学杂志

Objective@#To evaluate the clinical effect of embedding sutures of single inner- and outer-prepuce flap in the treatment of concealed penis.@*METHODS@#This retrospective analysis included 37 cases of concealed penis treated by embedding sutures of single inner- and outer-prepuce flap between July 2011 and May 2015. Catheters were pulled out from the patients within 24 hours and the dressing removed about 1 week after surgery. All the patients were followed up for 12－24 months postoperatively for evaluation of the long-term outcomes of surgery.@*RESULTS@#One-stage wound healing was achieved in all the patients. No foreskin flap necrosis, inflammation, edema, voiding dysfunction, or painful erection was found during the follow-up. The penises were extended by 2－4 cm. No complications were observed axcept 8 cases of mild prepuce edema, which all subsided with 6 months postoperatively.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Embedding sutures of single inner- and outer-prepuce flap, with the advantages of simple operation, rapid recovery and few complications, is a desirable surgical option for the treatment of concealed penis.

Cavernous nerve reconstruction with autologous vein graft and platelet-derived growth factors / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

In this study, we investigated the feasibility of using autologous vein graft and platelet-derived growth factors to bridge transected cavernous nerve in a rat model. A short defect in the bilateral cavernous nerve was created and repaired with vein graft from the right jugular vein or vein graft plus platelet-derived growth factors. The 32 rats were divided into four groups, namely Group 1 - no repair as a negative control, Group 2 - vein graft alone, Group 3 - vein graft plus platelet-derived growth factors, and Group 4 - sham operation as a positive control. We evaluated nerve regeneration and functional recovery using retrograde tracing study with FluoroGold, Toluidine blue staining of cavernous nerve, and the intracavernous pressure at 3 months. Three months after surgery, rich FluoroGold-positive cells were observed in the sham and vein graft plus platelet-derived growth factors group, but very few were found in the no repair group. The number of myelinated axons of regenerated cavernous nerve and intracavernous pressure were increased obviously in the two vein graft groups, especially in the vein graft plus platelet-derived growth factors group. These findings confirm the feasibility of using autologous vein as guides for cavernous nerve regeneration, and the regeneration can be further enhanced when the vein is filled with platelet-derived growth factors.

Simultaneous determination of thirteen components in Tong'an injection by LC-MS/MS / 中国中药杂志

The aim of this study was to develop a simple, sensitive ultra performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method for the determination of syringaresinol, N-trans-feruloyltyramine, chelerythrine chloride, sinomenine, coptisine chloride, sanguinarine, chelidonine, magnolflorine, allocryptopine, protopine, farrerol, stylopine and dihydrosanguin-arine in Tong'an injection (TAI), which could be used for the quality control of TAI. The UPLC analysis was performed on Agilent Zorbax SB-Aq column (2.1 mm×150 mm,3.5 μm), with 0.1% formic acid solution (A) -acetonitrile (B) as the mobile phase for gradient elution (0.01-2 min, 5%B; 2-8 min, 5%-30%B; 8-11 min, 30%-95%B; 11-13 min, 95%B; 13-13.1 min, 95%-5%B; 13.1-14 min, 5%B). The flow rate was 0.5 mL•min⁻¹, and the column temperature was 25 ℃; multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) was performed in electrospray ion source positive ion mode for quantitative determination. The calibration curves for the above thirteen compounds showed good linear relationship in corresponding mass concentration range (r>0.999 0). The average recovery rate of the compounds ranged from 95.70% to 104.8%, with RSD of less than 1.9%. The contents of thirteen active components in 10 batches of TAI were 0.021 2-0.029 0, 0.001 7-0.002 3, 0.000 9-0.001 3, 5.952-6.205 2, 0.195 4-0.240 5, 0.002 0-0.002 9, 0.693-0.798 2, 0.069 3-0.078 2, 0.089 29-0.102 9, 0.386 5-0.420 1, 0.014 3-0.015 9, 0.755 3-0.842 1, and 0.008 2-0.011 2 g•L⁻¹ respectively. Methodology validation proved that this method was simple, rapid, sensitive and accurate, which can be used to provide reference for the comprehensive evaluation of TAI quality. The determination results of 10 batches of TAI showed the content of each batch had no significant difference. The results may provide a basis for the quality control of TAI.